Lesson 62: While: ~(으)면서, ~(으)며

The pronunciation of this word is closer to “일쩡”

Common Usages:
일정이 없다 = to not have anything scheduled
일정을 확인하다 = to check a schedule
일정을 연기하다 = to delay a schedule

Examples:
음악을 들으면서 다음 주 일정을 세웠어요
= While listening to music I set up the schedule for next week

우선 비행기표를 사고 나서 함께 일정을 짜는 게 더 나을 것 같아요
= It will probably be better if we first buy the plane ticket and then set the plans together

다솜이와 여행의 목적을 정하고 여행 일정을 대충 짜니 다음 할 일들이 더욱 쉬워졌다
= Since I decided the purpose of the trip with Dasom, and set up a rough schedule, the next chore to do became a lot easier.

아일랜드에 오기 전에 중국에 간 적이 있었는데, 그때는 모든 일정이 정해져 있는 패키지 여행이었다 = Before coming to Ireland I had been to China, and at that time the entire itinerary was determined as a package tour

The pronunciation of this word is closer to “암문”

Notes: Another common word is “정문.” 정문 is usually used to refer to the official entrance of a complex, like the official/main entrance of a University or of the Presidential Palace. In theory, if these doors are at the “front,” they could also be called the “앞문.”

Examples:
저쪽으로 가면 앞문이 나오며 이쪽으로 가면 뒷문이 나와요
= If you go that way, you will see the front door, and if you go that way, you will see the back door

교실에 들어갈 때 수업 중이면 앞문 말고 뒷문으로 들어가세요
= When you enter a classroom, if there is a class going on, go in through the back door, not the front door

The pronunciation of this word is closer to “뒨문”

Notes: This word contains a 사이시옷. For information about this, see Lesson 131.

Examples:
뒷문으로 나가면 버스정류장이 더 가까워요
= If you go out through the back door, the bus stop is closer

뒷문으로 들어오고 싶으면 열쇠를 갖고 와야 돼요
= If you want to enter through the back door, you need to bring your key

교실에 들어갈 때 수업 중이면 앞문 말고 뒷문으로 들어가세요
= When you enter a classroom, if there is a class going on, go in through the back door, not the front door

Examples:
미국에 가면 열쇠고리를 기념품으로 갖고 싶어요
= When I go to the US, I want to get a keychain as a souvenir

그가 저에게 기념품을 사 준다고 하면서 아무 것도 안 샀어요
= He said he would buy (and give) me a souvenir, but didn’t buy anything

미국 물가가 아주 비싸서 당신을 위해 산 유일한 기념품은 이 목걸이예요
= The price of goods in America is very expensive, so the only souvenir I bought for you is this necklace

우리 오빠는 나에게 잊지 말고 영국에서 유명한 기념품을 사서 한국에 보내 달라고 했다
= My brother told me not to forget to buy some famous souvenirs in England and send them to Korea

Common Usages:
기념비를 세우다 = to erect a monument

Examples:
그 기념비가 아름답고 흥미로워요 = That monument is beautiful and interesting
그 사람의 죽음을 추모하기 위해 기념비를 세웠어요 = We erected a monument to mourn that person’s death

Examples:
학업을 진행하면서 직장도 다녀요 = As I progress/continue my studies, I also go to work
아이를 키우면서 학업을 계속하고 싶어요 = I want to continue my studies while I raise my baby

Common Usages:
개인 사안 = personal issue/matter

Examples:
그 사안이 급하다고 하면서 그냥 앉아 있어요
= He said the matter is urgent, but is just sitting there

이번 사안은 매우 중요하기 때문에 투표를 해야 돼요
= This is a very important matter, so one must vote

This word appears in Korean Sign Explanation Video 15.

Common Usages:
무단횡단 = crossing (the street) without permission (jaywalking)
무단주차 = parking a car without permission

Examples:
여기에 무단출입을 하면 벌점을 받아요
= Penalty assess for entering here without permission

무단횡단이 불법이며 적발 시 벌금을 내야 돼요
= Jaywalking is illegal, and/so if you are caught, you will have to pay a fine

Notes: Brush up on your Hanja! 상 (上) refers to the upper part of something. 반 (半) refers to half of something. 기 (期) refers to a time period.

Examples:
이번 년도 상반기 이익이 벌써 작년 하반기보다 더 좋아요
= The profit of the first half of this year is already better than the second half of last year

우리 회사가 상반기에는 그 제품의 개발을 진행하며 하반기에는 판매를 시작할 거예요
= In the first half of the year, our company will proceed with the development with that product, and in the second half of the year, we will start selling it

Notes: Brush up on your Hanja! 하 (下) refers to the lower part of something. 반 (半) refers to half of something. 기 (期) refers to a time period.

Examples:
그 영화가 내년 하반기에 출시될 예정이에요
= That movie is scheduled to be released in the second half of next year

이번 년도 상반기 이익이 작년 하반기 보다 좋아요
= The profit of the first half of this year is already better than the second half of last year

우리 회사가 상반기에는 그 제품의 개발을 진행하며 하반기에는 판매를 시작할 거예요
= In the first half of the year, our company will proceed with the development with that product, and in the second half of the year, we will start selling it

Examples:
한국은 사계절이 있어요 = There are four seasons in Korea

한국이 사계절이 있으며 겨울이 매우 추워요
= In Korea, there are four seasons, and winters are very cold

지구 기온이 점점 오르면서 한국에서 사계절이 사라진대요
= As the global temperatures gradually increase, they say that the “four seasons” in Korea is disappearing

Examples:
명동은 항상 관광객들로 북적거려요
= Myeong-dong is always packed with tourists

전 세계에서 온 관광객들은 그 축제에 갔어요
= Tourists from all over the world went to that festival

관광객처럼 보이기 싫어서 저는 지도를 가방에 접어 넣었어요
= I don’t like looking like a tourist, so I folded up my map and put it in my bag

이 제품은 한국에서 매우 유명하며 이 제품을 사러 관광객들이 한국을 방문해요
= This product is very popular in Korea, and many tourists visit Korea to buy it

Notes: Sometimes 영상 is used to refer to a video, even though “동영상” can be used to specifically refer to a video.

Common Usages:
동영상 = video (moving picture)

Examples:
이 행사에서 지난 10년의 성공을 기념하면서 이 영상을 보겠습니다
= At this event, we will commemorate the success of the last 10 years and watch this video

동영상을 찍어주면 안 돼요?
= Can you please take a video?

제가 그 동영상을 지금 다 편집하도록 하겠습니다
= I will finish editing the video now

학생들에게 암을 어떻게 방지하는지에 대한 동영상을 보여줄까 해요
= I am thinking about showing the students a video about how to prevent cancer

Common Usages:
바퀴를 갈다 = to change a tire
기저귀를 갈다 = to change a diaper
(옷을) 갈아입다 = to change (one’s clothes)

Examples:
저는 2주에 한번씩 이불커버를 갈아요
= I change my blanket cover once every two weeks

오늘 동생이 기저기에 오줌을 싸서 기저기를 갈았어요
= Today, my younger sibling peed in his/her diaper, so I changed it

Common Usages:
칼을 갈다 = to sharpen a knife
땅콩을 갈다 = to grind peanuts
이를 갈다 = to grind one’s teeth

Examples:
칼을 오래 쓰려면 주기적으로 갈아줘야 해요
= If you use a knife for a long time, you should sharpen it periodically

나무젓가락을 만들기 위해 나무를 뾰족하게 갈았어요
= To make wooden chopsticks, they sharpened wood/trees to a point

The pronunciation of this word is closer to “꼬집따”

Examples:
동생이 너무 귀여워서 가끔씩 동생의 볼을 꼬집어요
= My younger sibling is so cute that sometimes I pinch his/her cheeks

남자친구가 미울 때 가끔 저는 남자친구를 꼬집어요
= When my boyfriend pisses me off I sometimes pinch him

The pronunciation of this word is closer to “싸타”
The passive form of this verb is 쌓이다 (to stack up)

Common Usages:
경력을 쌓다 = to build up work experience
실력을 쌓다 = to build one’s abilities
추억을 쌓다 = to make memories (literally, “for memories to be piled up”)
울타리를 쌓다 = to build/put up a fence

Examples:
다음 주에 부산에 가서 좋은 추억을 쌓으면서 재미있는 시간을 보내자
= Next week let’s go to Busan and spend some fun time while piling up good memories

나는 이제 3일 후에 영국으로 간다. 가서 좋은 추억 많이 쌓고 올 것이다
= Now, I am going to England in 3 days. I will go there, and then make of good memories and then return.

제가 그 3년 동안 경력을 많이 쌓아서 앞으로는 더 좋은 일자리를 구할 수 있어요
= During those three years, I built up a lot of work experience, so in the future I can get a better job

현재 나는 민호와 하루하루를 좋은 추억을 쌓으면서 행복하게 지내고 있다. 세상에 고백을 망설이고 있는 모든 사람들에게 말하고 싶다.
= Now, day after day I happily pass the time piling up good memories with Minho. I want to say something to everybody who hesitates in confessing (what they want to say).

The noun form of this word (“기념”) translates to “a commemoration.”

Common Usages:
기념품 = souvenir
기념비 = monument
기념일 = anniversary
결혼기념일 = wedding anniversary

Examples:
어버이날 기념으로 부모님을 위한 작은 선물을 구입했어요
= I purchased a small present for my parents to celebrate “Parent’s Day”

이 행사에서 지난 10년의 성공을 기념하면서 이 영상을 보겠습니다
= At this event, we will commemorate the success of the last 10 years and watch this video

Examples:
강아지가 울타리를 뛰어 넘고 토끼를 뒤따라갔어요
= The puppy jumped over the fence and chased after the rabbit

우리가 거기에 가는 길을 몰라서 지도를 보면서 앞에 있는 차를 뒤따라가고 있어요
= We don’t know how to get there, so we are looking at a map while following the car in-front of us

The noun form of this word (“진행”) translates to “progression.”

Common Usages:
행사를 진행하다 = to run an event

Examples:
그 일을 진행하면서 문제가 많이 생겼어요
= While doing (progressing with) that job, many problems came up

한국에서 보통 영어와 수학 수업은 수준별로 진행돼요
= In Korea, math and English classes are usually held/carried by (based on) level

이 자료를 철저히 검토하고 나서 모두들 준비가 되면 회의를 진행하겠습니다
= After everyone has reviewed the data thoroughly and is ready, we will proceed / continue with the meeting

Common Usages:
억누르다 = to oppress
벨/종을 누르다 = to press a bell
버튼을/단추를 누르다 = to press a button
감정을 (억)누르다 = to suppress one’s emotions

Examples:
이 우산은 버튼을 누르면 펴져요
= This umbrella opens (unfolds) if you press the button

도움이 필요하면 이 벨을 누르면서 말씀하세요
= If you need help, speak out while pressing this button

주전자가 망가진 게 아니라 버튼을 안 눌러서 안된 거예요
= It is not that the kettle is broken, it doesn’t work because you didn’t press the button

나무 모양 버튼을 누르면 그 나무에 대한 정보가 나올 것이다
= If you press the tree-shaped button, you can hear information about that tree

You can use 자라다 to indicate the location in which one grows up. For example:

저는 농장에서 자랐어요 = I grew up on a farm

When a person does something for the majority of his/her childhood, we often use the phrase “I grew up doing” in English. For example:

I grew up playing hockey
I grew up listening to that type of music
Or simply, to indicate the location that you grew up, we would say:

To create these phrases in Korean, you can use the word “자라다” (to grow up) in combination with ~(으)면서. For example:

저는 하키를 하면서 자랐어요 = I grew up playing hockey
저는 아빠랑 같이 하키를 하면서 자랐어요 = I grew up playing hockey with my dad
저는 그런 음악을 들으면서 자랐어요 = I grew up listening to that type of music

The noun form of this word (“횡단”) translates to “a crossing.”

Common Usages:
무단횡단 = crossing (the street) without permission (jaywalking)

Examples:
무단횡단이 불법이며 적발 시 벌금을 내야 돼요
= Jaywalking is illegal, and/so if you are caught, you will have to pay a fine

이 사람이 처음으로 4대륙을 횡단한 사람이에요
= This person is the first person to cross four continents

The noun form of this word (“판매”) translates to “a sale.”

Common Usages:
판매 중 = to currently be selling something (often used without the space)

Examples:
그 제품에 불량이 있어서 우리 회사가 판매를 중단해야 되었어요
= There is a problem (fault) with that product, so our company had to halt the sale of it

이 책을 복제해서 판매할 경우 법을 위반한 것으로 간주되어 벌금을 내야 합니다
= If you copy this book and sell it, it is considered breaking the law so you will pay a fine

우리 회사가 상반기에는 그 제품의 개발을 진행하며 하반기에는 판매를 시작할 거예요
= In the first half of the year, our company will proceed with the development with that product, and in the second half of the year, we will start selling it

The pronunciation of this word is closer to “싸이다”
The active form of this verb is 쌓다 (to stack up)

Examples:
눈이 길에 계속 쌓이면서 길이 점점 미끄러워져요
= As snow piles up (gradually) on the road, it gets more and more slippery

강가에는 도시에서 내려온 많은 쓰레기가 쌓여 있어요
= A great deal of garbage that had flowed down from the city was piled on the riverbank

일을 주말 내내 계속 해야 한다니 갑자기 스트레스가 쌓여요
= Being told I have to work all weekend creates a lot of stress

Common Usages:
물이 흐리다 = for water to be cloudy/murky
기억이 흐리다 = for one’s memory to be cloudy
날씨가 흐리다 = for the air to be muggy/cloudy

Examples:
오늘 날씨가 흐리면서 쌀쌀해요 = The weather today is cloudy and chilly
날이 흐릴수록 사람의 감정도 우울해져요 = As the days (weather) gets more cloudy, people (people’s emotions) also get gloomy

Notes: This technically isn’t one word – but rather the word “적발” (the revealing of something hidden) and “시” (the time/event that something happens). You often see these two words together on signs indicating the ramifications “if caught” doing something against what is posted on the sign. Most times (even on official government signs), you will see 적발 and 시 attached to each other as if it is one word. This is a common sentence that you will see:

적발 시 10만원의 과태료가 부과됩니다 = If caught, a fine of 100,000 won will be imposed

Examples:
무단횡단이 불법이며 적발 시 벌금을 내야 돼요
= Jaywalking is against the law and apprehended violators will have to pay a fine

Examples:
길을 걷다 보니 문득 옛날 남자친구가 생각이 났어요
= As I walked the street, thoughts of an old boyfriend suddenly came to mind

옛날에 자주 듣던 노래를 듣다 보면 문득 그때로 돌아간 기분이에요
= As I listened to the song I’d often heard long ago, I suddenly felt as if I had returned to that time